Neuro-Ophthalmology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on the relationship between the nervous system and the eye. It involves the diagnosis and treatment of vision problems related to the brain, optic nerves, and other parts of the nervous system that control eye movement and visual processing. Neuro-ophthalmologists treat conditions where both the nervous system and eye health are affected, as many neurological disorders can lead to visual symptoms.

Common conditions treated by neuro-ophthalmologists include:

1. Optic neuropathies (damage to the optic nerve), such as optic neuritis, can be linked to conditions like multiple sclerosis.
2. Visual disturbances are caused by brain conditions, such as strokes, tumors, or traumatic brain injuries.
3. Double vision (diplopia), is often caused by problems with eye muscle control or nerve dysfunction.
4. Pupillary abnormalities, where the pupils do not react correctly to light, indicate neurological problems.
5. Papilledema, which is swelling of the optic disc, is often due to increased intracranial pressure.

Neuro-ophthalmologists use advanced diagnostic tests such as visual field tests, imaging (MRI/CT scans), and electrophysiological exams to assess the connection between the eyes and the brain, helping to detect and manage conditions that affect both vision and neurological health.